Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in companion animals from owners who tested positive for COVID-19 in the Valley of Mexico.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the companion animals which tested positive in Mexico for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Due to this, it is that we have documented the infection of companion animals, via an exploratory approach in two localities of the Valley of Mexico, in which the companion animal owners tested positive for COVID-19. METHODS: Oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 21 companion animals. Also, a Reverse-Transcription Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to test five probes in three SARS-CoV-2 genes. More than one-third (5/14) of these samples were positive for SARS CoV-2 corresponding to dogs. RESULTS: This research translates into the first available report on companion animals with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the most populated area of Mexico. Samples were added chronologically to previous reports prepared in other areas of the country, from February through November 2022. CONCLUSION: Although SARS-CoV-2 infection in dogs is not as common as in other animals, our results suggest that it can be transmitted to dogs by their owners to a greater extent than previously reported.

Using Comic-Based Concussion Discharge Instructions to Address Caregiver Health Literacy in the Emergency Department.

INTRODUCTION: This study compared the effectiveness of comic-based with text-based concussion discharge instructions on improving caregiver knowledge. This study also examined the role of social determinants of health on comprehension instructions. METHODS: This was an observational study of the caregivers of pediatric concussion patients. Caregivers' health literacy and demographics related socioeconomic factors were obtained. After the patients' evaluation in the emergency department, caregivers were given printed comic-based concussion discharge instructions. Caregivers were contacted 3 days later and tested overall knowledge of discharge instructions' content. These survey results were compared with historical controls who received text-based instructions. RESULTS: A total of 120 participants were recruited, and 86 participants completed follow-up procedures. When comparing the caregivers' recall ability with a comic-based vs traditional text-based instructions, caregivers with comic-based content were more likely to accurately recall overall discharge instructions (77.5% vs 44%, P < .001), particularly physical rest and activity restrictions (86.5% vs 63%, P < .001). Caregivers also were less likely to misidentify a red flag symptom (7.5% vs 19%, P < .04). Comic-based instructions did not increase recall of cognitive rest instructions or postconcussive symptoms. When examining demographic factors, caregivers who could not recall 3 postconcussive symptoms were more likely to be Hispanic or Black, less likely to be college educated, and more likely to have low health literacy. DISCUSSION: Novel methods should be explored to adequately prepare caregivers for continuing postconcussive care at home. Discharge instructions must be tailored to address caregivers' baseline health literacy and how caregivers digest and retain information.

Do you have COVID-19? How to increase the use of diagnostic and contact tracing apps.

Diagnostic and contact tracing apps are a needed weapon to contain contagion during a pandemic. We study how the content of the messages used to promote the apps influence adoption by running a survey experiment on approximately 23,000 Mexican adults. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of three different prompts, or a control condition, before stating their willingness to adopt a diagnostic app and contact tracing app. The prompt emphasizing government efforts to ensure data privacy, which has been one of the most common strategies, reduced willingness to adopt the apps by about 4 pp and 3 pp, respectively. An effective app promotion policy must understand individuals' reservations and be wary of unintended reactions to naïve reassurances.

Let's (not) get together! The role of social norms on social distancing during COVID-19.

While effective preventive measures against COVID-19 are now widely known, many individuals fail to adopt them. This article provides experimental evidence about one potentially important driver of compliance with social distancing: social norms. We asked each of 23,000 survey respondents in Mexico to predict how a fictional person would behave when faced with the choice about whether or not to attend a friend's birthday gathering. Every respondent was randomly assigned to one of four social norms conditions. Expecting that other people would attend the gathering and/or believing that other people approved of attending the gathering both increased the predicted probability that the fictional character would attend the gathering by 25%, in comparison with a scenario where other people were not expected to attend nor to approve of attending. Our results speak to the potential effects of communication campaigns and media coverage of compliance with, and normative views about, COVID-19 preventive measures. They also suggest that policies aimed at modifying social norms or making existing ones salient could impact compliance.

Epidemiology of Hematologic Malignancies in Real-World Settings: Findings From the Hemato-Oncology Latin America Observational Registry Study.

PURPOSE: Limited information is available on multiple myeloma (MM), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) management in Latin America. The primary objective of the Hemato-Oncology Latin America (HOLA) study was to describe patient characteristics and treatment patterns of Latin American patients with MM, CLL, and NHL. METHODS: This study was a multicenter, retrospective, medical chart review of patients with MM, CLL, and NHL in Latin America identified between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2015. Included were adults with at least 1 year of follow-up (except in cases of death within 1 year of diagnosis) treated at 30 oncology hospitals (Argentina, 5; Brazil, 9; Chile, 1; Colombia, 5; Mexico, 6; Panama/Guatemala, 4). RESULTS: Of 5,140 patients, 2,967 (57.7%) had NHL, 1,518 (29.5%) MM, and 655 (12.7%) CLL. Median follow-up was 2.2 years for MM, 3.0 years for CLL, and 2.2 years for NHL, and approximately 26% died during the study observation period. Most patients had at least one comorbidity at diagnosis. The most frequent induction regimen was thalidomide-based chemotherapy for MM and chlorambucil with or without prednisone for CLL. Most patients with NHL had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; 49.1%) or follicular lymphoma (FL; 19.5%). The majority of patients with DLBCL or FL received rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone. CONCLUSION: The HOLA study generated an unprecedented level of high-quality, real-world evidence on characteristics and treatment patterns of patients with hematologic malignancies. Regional disparities in patient characteristics may reflect differences in ethnoracial identity and level of access to care. These data provide needed real-world evidence to understand the disease landscape in Latin America and may be used to inform clinical and health policy decision making.

Can Mental Health Anti-stigma Messages Have Untoward Effects on Some People with Depression?: An Exploratory Study.

Scholars have warned that mental health anti-stigma campaigns targeting the general public can possibly be detrimental to some who are stigmatized. Scholars also have noted that people with depression respond to some public service announcements (PSAs) differently than those without. Accordingly, the current study explored whether anti-stigma PSAs targeting the general public could cause problematic outcomes for people with depression. Participants with (n = 55) and without (n = 133) heightened depressive symptomatology viewed two mental health anti-stigma PSAs. Participants provided thoughts about the PSAs through a single, open-ended question. To allow for an assessment of convergence, participants rated overall favorability toward each PSA through a close-ended item. Results indicated that most qualitative responses were favorable; however, 23.6% of respondents with heightened depressive symptomatology, compared to 1.5% without, provided responses coded as indicating that at least one PSA caused unintended negative affect, χ2(1) = 25.96, [Formula: see text] p < .001. Evidence of untoward effects primarily came from the Friend PSA and the qualitative responses indicate how this occurred. Moreover, complementing the qualitative coding, the Friend PSA was rated less favorably by participants with heightened depressive symptomatology (M = 5.00, SD = 1.67), than those without (M = 5.64, SD = 1.44), F(1, 186) = 6.99, p = .009, ηp2 = .036. There were no significant differences in quantitative favorability ratings regarding the Labeling PSA. Indicating that further investigation is warranted, results suggest it is possible for an anti-stigma PSA targeting the general public to cause unintended negative affect among some people with depression.

First report of "Candidatus Rickettsia amblyommii" in west coast of Mexico.

We report the first case of "Candidatus Rickettsia amblyommii" detected in Amblyomma mixtum ticks on humans on the west coast of Mexico. This is the most western record of "Ca. R. amblyommii" in the Western Hemisphere, representing the first record for the western coast of the Americas. Even if the record is far from the previously known locations for the species it does not represent a new record regarding temperature, precipitation and topographic parameters. Since "Ca. R. amblyommii" antibodies have been detected in patients suspected of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and the tick A. mixtum has been associated with humans, it is important to consider "Ca. R. amblyommii" as a potential risk for the human population that has not been considered at risk before.

Leptospirosis in Mexico: Epidemiology and Potential Distribution of Human Cases.

BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is widespread in Mexico, yet the potential distribution and risk of the disease remain unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We analysed morbidity and mortality according to age and gender based on three sources of data reported by the Ministry of Health and the National Institute of Geography and Statics of Mexico, for the decade 2000-2010. A total of 1,547 cases were reported in 27 states, the majority of which were registered during the rainy season, and the most affected age group was 25-44 years old. Although leptospirosis has been reported as an occupational disease of males, analysis of morbidity in Mexico showed no male preference. A total number of 198 deaths were registered in 21 states, mainly in urban settings. Mortality was higher in males (61.1%) as compared to females (38.9%), and the case fatality ratio was also increased in males. The overall case fatality ratio in Mexico was elevated (12.8%), as compared to other countries. We additionally determined the potential disease distribution by examining the spatial epidemiology combined with spatial modeling using ecological niche modeling techniques. We identified regions where leptospirosis could be present and created a potential distribution map using bioclimatic variables derived from temperature and precipitation. Our data show that the distribution of the cases was more related to temperature (75%) than to precipitation variables. Ecological niche modeling showed predictive areas that were widely distributed in central and southern Mexico, excluding areas characterized by extreme climates. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In conclusion, an epidemiological surveillance of leptospirosis is recommended in Mexico, since 55.7% of the country has environmental conditions fulfilling the criteria that favor the presence of the disease.

New wildlife hosts of Leptospira interrogans in Campeche, Mexico.

Leptospira interrogans has been identified to cause leptospirosis, a widespread zoonotic disease that has been identified in domestic and wild animals. This work analyzed kidneys from two species of wild rodents from the state of Campeche, Mexico. Analyses were made by PCR using specific primers for detection of Leptospira interrogans DNA. The rodent species that tested positive were Heteromys gaumeri and Ototylomys phyllotis, both of which are new hosts for the bacteria in Southeastern Mexico. These records provide new insights into the disease's transmission that should be studied carefully in order to identify other potential host species, including humans, which are at risk of becoming infected if they are in contact with infected wildlife.

Obesidad e hipertensión arterial: señales ateroscleróticas tempranas en los escolares / Obesity and high blood pressure: early atherosclerosis signs

INTRODUCCIÓN. La hipertensión arterial y la obesidad son dos importantes factores de riesgo, muy relacionados con la aterosclerosis. Su detección desde edades tempranas permite prevenir o modificar favorablemente el desarrollo de esta enfermedad en la adultez. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar la presencia de obesidad e hipertensión en escolares de 3 escuelas primarias. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio observacional y analítico de tipo transversal en 3 escuelas primarias del municipio Plaza de la Revolución en Ciudad de La Habana, que incluyó a 986 niños de 5 a 12 años de edad. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas (medias y desviación estándar), la prueba de la t de Student y ji al cuadrado, y se consideró significativo un valor de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS. De los 482 varones 79 eran obesos (16,3 por ciento) y 58 (12 por ciento) tenían sobrepeso; del total de 486 niñas, 86 (17,6 por ciento) eran obesas y 63 (12,9 por ciento) tenían sobrepeso. Con respecto al total de escolares estudiados, estas cifras representan un 17 por ciento de obesidad y 12,5 por ciento de sobrepeso. Al analizar la tensión arterial, se encontró que de los 58 hipertensos había 23 varones (40 por ciento) y 35 niñas (60 por ciento). Entre los 66 prehipertensos hubo 31 varones (47 por ciento) y 35 (53 por ciento) niñas. El total de hipertensos detectados representó un 6 por ciento del total de escolares y los prehipertensos constituyeron el 6,8 por ciento. Se constató mayor frecuencia en las niñas. Las medias de tensión arterial sistólica y diastólica se observaron aumentadas en los niños desnutridos, los que tenían sobrepeso y los obesos, en relación con los delgados y los de peso normal. CONCLUSIONES. Al relacionar la evaluación nutricional con la clasificación de la tensión arterial observamos que la condición nutricional de ser desnutrido, tener sobrepeso y ser obeso, influyó significativamente en el aumento de la tensión arterial (p ≤ 0,001)(AU)

INTRODUCTION. The obesity and the high blood pressure are two important risk factor very related to atherosclerosis. Its detection from early ages allows to prevent or to modify favourably the development of this disease in adulthood. The aim of present paper was to identify the presence of obesity and high blood pressure in pupils from three primary schools. METHODS. A observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in three primary schools from the Plaza de la Revolución municipality in Ciudad de La Habana including 986 children aged from 5 to 12. Descriptive statistics were used (means and standard deviation), Student t test and Chi² test taking into account as significant a value of p<0,05. RESULTS. From the 482 males pupils 79 were obeses (16,3 percent) and 58 (12 percent) had a excess weight; from the total of girls pupils, 86 (17,6 percent) were obeses and 63 (12,9 percent) had excess weight. Regarding the study pupils, these figures represent a 17 percent of obesity and a 12,5 percent of excess weight. Analyzing the arterial pressure it was possible to note that from the 58 hypertensive pupils there were 23 males (40 percent) and 35 girls (60 percent). Among the 66 pre-hypertensives 31 were males (47 percent) and 35 (53 percent) were girls. The total of hypertensives ones represented a 6 percent of all the pupils and the pre-hypertensives ones constituted the 6,8 percent. There was also a greater frequency in girls. Means of systolic and diastolic arterial tension were present in malnourished children, those with excess weight and the obeses ones in relation to those thins and those with a normal weight. CONCLUSIONS. Relating the nutritional assessment to classification of arterial pressure it was noted that the nutritional status of to be malnourished, to have excess weight and to be obese influenced significantly in the rise of the arterial tension (p ≤ 0,001)(AU)

Obesidad e hipertensión arterial: señales ateroscleróticas tempranas en los escolares / Obesity and high blood pressure: early atherosclerosis signs

INTRODUCCIÓN. La hipertensión arterial y la obesidad son dos importantes factores de riesgo, muy relacionados con la aterosclerosis. Su detección desde edades tempranas permite prevenir o modificar favorablemente el desarrollo de esta enfermedad en la adultez. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar la presencia de obesidad e hipertensión en escolares de 3 escuelas primarias. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio observacional y analítico de tipo transversal en 3 escuelas primarias del municipio Plaza de la Revolución en Ciudad de La Habana, que incluyó a 986 niños de 5 a 12 años de edad. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas (medias y desviación estándar), la prueba de la t de Student y ji al cuadrado, y se consideró significativo un valor de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS. De los 482 varones 79 eran obesos (16,3 por ciento) y 58 (12 por ciento) tenían sobrepeso; del total de 486 niñas, 86 (17,6 por ciento) eran obesas y 63 (12,9 por ciento) tenían sobrepeso. Con respecto al total de escolares estudiados, estas cifras representan un 17 por ciento de obesidad y 12,5 por ciento de sobrepeso. Al analizar la tensión arterial, se encontró que de los 58 hipertensos había 23 varones (40 por ciento) y 35 niñas (60 por ciento). Entre los 66 prehipertensos hubo 31 varones (47 por ciento) y 35 (53 por ciento) niñas. El total de hipertensos detectados representó un 6 por ciento del total de escolares y los prehipertensos constituyeron el 6,8 por ciento. Se constató mayor frecuencia en las niñas. Las medias de tensión arterial sistólica y diastólica se observaron aumentadas en los niños desnutridos, los que tenían sobrepeso y los obesos, en relación con los delgados y los de peso normal. CONCLUSIONES. Al relacionar la evaluación nutricional con la clasificación de la tensión arterial observamos que la condición nutricional de ser desnutrido, tener sobrepeso y ser obeso, influyó significativamente en el aumento de la tensión arterial (p ≤ 0,001)

INTRODUCTION. The obesity and the high blood pressure are two important risk factor very related to atherosclerosis. Its detection from early ages allows to prevent or to modify favourably the development of this disease in adulthood. The aim of present paper was to identify the presence of obesity and high blood pressure in pupils from three primary schools. METHODS. A observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in three primary schools from the Plaza de la Revolución municipality in Ciudad de La Habana including 986 children aged from 5 to 12. Descriptive statistics were used (means and standard deviation), Student t test and Chi² test taking into account as significant a value of p<0,05. RESULTS. From the 482 males pupils 79 were obeses (16,3 percent) and 58 (12 percent) had a excess weight; from the total of girls pupils, 86 (17,6 percent) were obeses and 63 (12,9 percent) had excess weight. Regarding the study pupils, these figures represent a 17 percent of obesity and a 12,5 percent of excess weight. Analyzing the arterial pressure it was possible to note that from the 58 hypertensive pupils there were 23 males (40 percent) and 35 girls (60 percent). Among the 66 pre-hypertensives 31 were males (47 percent) and 35 (53 percent) were girls. The total of hypertensives ones represented a 6 percent of all the pupils and the pre-hypertensives ones constituted the 6,8 percent. There was also a greater frequency in girls. Means of systolic and diastolic arterial tension were present in malnourished children, those with excess weight and the obeses ones in relation to those thins and those with a normal weight. CONCLUSIONS. Relating the nutritional assessment to classification of arterial pressure it was noted that the nutritional status of to be malnourished, to have excess weight and to be obese influenced significantly in the rise of the arterial tension (p ≤ 0,001)

Una reflexión acerca de la notificación de lesiones laborales en Cuba / A reflection on the notification of occupational lesions in Cuba

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo fundamental realizar un análisis cerca del comportamiento de la morbi-mortalidad por accidentes del trabajo notificada en Cuba en los años 1995-2004. Se puntualiza además en el concepto de lesión y no accidentes para resaltar el carácter preventivo de esta definición. Se destacan algunos sectores de la economía como la construcción, la industria, la agricultura y el transporte como los de mayor índice de incidencia y mortalidad en el período estudiado, y entre las provincias que presentan los indicadores más elevados en el país tenemos a Villa Clara, Cienfuegos y Sancti Spíritus, entre las centrales, y además Las Tunas y Granma en la región oriental del país. Se realiza un análisis crítico de la tendencia a la disminución de la incidencia de las lesiones en este período, aunque no se comportó así la mortalidad.

The main objective of this article was to make an analysis of the behavior of morbimortality from occupational accidents reported in Cuba from 1995 to 2004. Emphasis was given to the concept of lesion and not of accidents to stress the preventive character of this definition. Construction, industry, agriculture and transportation were some of the economic sectors with the highest rate of incidence and mortality in the studied period. Villa Clara, Cienfuegos and Sancti Spiritus, in the centre of the country, and Las Tunas and Gramma, in the eastern region, were the provinces with the most elevated indicators at the national level. A critical analysis of the trend to the reduction of the incidence of the lesions in this period is made, although mortality had a different behavior.

Una reflexión acerca de la notificación de lesiones laborales en Cuba / A reflection on the notification of occupational lesions in Cuba

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo fundamental realizar un análisis cerca del comportamiento de la morbi-mortalidad por accidentes del trabajo notificada en Cuba en los años 1995-2004. Se puntualiza además en el concepto de lesión y no accidentes para resaltar el carácter preventivo de esta definición. Se destacan algunos sectores de la economía como la construcción, la industria, la agricultura y el transporte como los de mayor índice de incidencia y mortalidad en el período estudiado, y entre las provincias que presentan los indicadores más elevados en el país tenemos a Villa Clara, Cienfuegos y Sancti Spíritus, entre las centrales, y además Las Tunas y Granma en la región oriental del país. Se realiza un análisis crítico de la tendencia a la disminución de la incidencia de las lesiones en este período, aunque no se comportó así la mortalidad (AU)

The main objective of this article was to make an analysis of the behavior of morbimortality from occupational accidents reported in Cuba from 1995 to 2004. Emphasis was given to the concept of lesion and not of accidents to stress the preventive character of this definition. Construction, industry, agriculture and transportation were some of the economic sectors with the highest rate of incidence and mortality in the studied period. Villa Clara, Cienfuegos and Sancti Spiritus, in the centre of the country, and Las Tunas and Gramma, in the eastern region, were the provinces with the most elevated indicators at the national level. A critical analysis of the trend to the reduction of the incidence of the lesions in this period is made, although mortality had a different behavior(AU)

Síndrome de Denys-Drash: presentación de un caso / Denys-Drash's syndrome: a case report

El síndrome de Denys-Drash se caracteriza por pseudohemafroditismo masculino, tumor de Wilms y glomerulopatía con rápida progresión a la insuficiencia renal terminal, es producido por una mutación en el gen supresor TW1 localizado en el cromosoma 11p 13. La lesión glomerular se caracteriza por una esclerosis mesangial difusa. Reportamos un caso con genitales ambiguos, cariotipo 46 XY, síndrome nefrótico congénito a los 7 días de nacido, con rápida progresión a la insuficiencia renal terminal. Se hizo necesaria la diálisis peritoneal, y murió al mes de edad por sepsis generalizada. En el análisis del tejido renal se demuestra la esclerosis mesangial difusa

Síndrome de Denys-Drash: presentación de un caso / Denys-Drash's syndrome: a case report

El síndrome de Denys-Drash se caracteriza por pseudohemafroditismo masculino, tumor de Wilms y glomerulopatía con rápida progresión a la insuficiencia renal terminal, es producido por una mutación en el gen supresor TW1 localizado en el cromosoma 11p 13. La lesión glomerular se caracteriza por una esclerosis mesangial difusa. Reportamos un caso con genitales ambiguos, cariotipo 46 XY, síndrome nefrótico congénito a los 7 días de nacido, con rápida progresión a la insuficiencia renal terminal. Se hizo necesaria la diálisis peritoneal, y murió al mes de edad por sepsis generalizada. En el análisis del tejido renal se demuestra la esclerosis mesangial difusa(AU)

Epidemiología de los trastornos osteomioarticulares en el ambiente laboral / Epidemiology of the osteomyoarticular disorders in the working environment

Se realiza un estudio de tipo epidemiológico en la fábrica de cemento "René Arcay"del Mariel, para conocer el comportamiento de la incapacidad laboral por patologías del sistema osteomioarticular (SOMA) en el año 1997. En este año la fábrica contó con 743 trabajadores, 596 del sexo masculino y 147 del femenino. Del total de trabajadores tuvieron alguna patología del SOMA 81, que representó una tasa de 10,9 x 100 trabajadores, correspondiendo la tasa mayor al sexo femenino. De todos los trastornos del SOMA, la sacrolumbalgia ocupó el primer lugar. Se analizaron diferentes variables de persona y lugar, y resultó ser la más significativa el antecedente de padecer de episodios del SOMA con anterioridad al diagnóstico

Luxaciones congénitas múltiples o síndrome de Larsen. Presentación de tres casos / Multiple congenital luxations or Larsen's syndrome. Report of 3 cases

Se hizo un estudio de 3 pacientes portadores de luxaciones congénitas múltiples o Síndrome de Larsen. Uno de los pacientes presentó luxación de las 6 grandes articulaciones. Se trataron quirúrgicamente las rodillas. Los otros 2 pacientes presentaron los signos de la enfermedad con un ligero grado de atenuación. Se hizo un breve recuento de la enfermedad desde la fecha en que fue descrita por el autor que le dio su nombre

Tratamiemto de los icteros del recién nacido con un inductor enzimático, el metilfenobarbital / Management of icterus in neonates with an enzymatic inductor, methylphenobarbital

Se realiza un estudio doble ciego. se utilizó un inductor enzimático, el metilfenobarbital y un placebo para evaluar los efectos del primero sobre los icteros del recién nacido. Los pacientes se dividieron en 2 grupos: uno que comprendia a niños con peso entre 2 500 y 3 499 g y otro, con peso entre 3 500 y 4 000 g. Para el primer grupo se utilizó una dosis de 30 mg del producto y para el segundo 40 mg. Las cifras de bilirrubina disminuyeron significativamente en el primer grupo, no así en el segundo. Se especuló que el no resultado significativo en el segundo grupo pudo haber sido por una dosis insuficiente del metilfenobarbital

Tratamiemto de los icteros del recién nacido con un inductor enzimático, el metilfenobarbital / Management of icterus in neonates with an enzymatic inductor, methylphenobarbital

Se realiza un estudio doble ciego. se utilizó un inductor enzimático, el metilfenobarbital y un placebo para evaluar los efectos del primero sobre los icteros del recién nacido. Los pacientes se dividieron en 2 grupos: uno que comprendia a niños con peso entre 2 500 y 3 499 g y otro, con peso entre 3 500 y 4 000 g. Para el primer grupo se utilizó una dosis de 30 mg del producto y para el segundo 40 mg. Las cifras de bilirrubina disminuyeron significativamente en el primer grupo, no así en el segundo. Se especuló que el no resultado significativo en el segundo grupo pudo haber sido por una dosis insuficiente del metilfenobarbital

Arteria umbilical única: incidencias y relaciones con otras anomalías / Single umbilical artery: incidences and relations to other anomalies

Se realizó el examen del cordón umbilical en 10 074 nacimientos consecutivos y se encontró una incidencia de arteria umbilical única (AUU) de 0,27 % del total de nacimientos. Esta anomalía fue 4 veces más frecuente en niños de bajo peso al nacer. La AUU predominó en el sexo femenino. Se expresa que el 42,85 % de los niños con AUU tenía otra anomalía congénita asociada, mientras que los niños con vasos umbilicales normales representaban el 1,8 %. Se destaca que las malformaciones congénitas asociadas con AUU fueron las cardiovasculares, seguidas de las genitourinarias, del sistema nervioso central y las óseas. Se detectó un recién nacido con 5 vasos umbilicales